大家好，这里是掉线许久霸王科普系列，原作者是欧服同样掉线许久的Volkketten
这次是关于克里斯蒂的一些坦克，两栖坦克以及自行火炮设计

Those of youwith long memories may recall that WoT once showed a US tech tree with Christie tanks on it. On that tree there was the M.1919, and M.1921 attier 2, the M.1931 and M.1932 at tier 3 and the M.1935 at Tier 4.Since then not a lot has changed but I have gathered together as many of thesources reputable and otherwise on the subject to give a run down for people asto the totality as far as possible of the vehicle options we have.
很早很早以前WOT的美系科技树中曾经出现过克里斯蒂坦克的分支：M.1919和M.1921作为2级车，M.1931和M.1932作为3级车，M.1935则放在4级。从那个科技树公布之日起到现在，克里斯蒂线的内容都没有发生多少变化。不过Volketten搜集到了一些真实度很高的资料，据此可以为玩家构建出一条尽可能完整的克里斯蒂坦克线

最初的美系科技树，克里斯蒂坦克就是最右边那一小堆
Part 1 – Tanks
第一部分：坦克
Part 2 – Guns and sources
第二部分：自行火及其它

M.1919 (possiblyin Maryland, USA under trials in 1919)
M.1919（可能摄于马里兰州，1919年美国陆军对其进行测试时的场景）

Carrying a 57mm 6-pounder gun this is a rather well armed tank for 1919 albeitwith a rather modest 25mm thick maximum of armour(considered sufficient to stopa .50 calibre bullet). Based on a truck chassis, this sturdy 13.5 ton tankpowered by a 6 cylinder 120hp engine was capable of 7mph on tracks and, onwheels, 14mph. This is also reports as 11/21 respectively. It is running onChristie Patented suspension (filed 1921) derived from the M.1919 8”self-propelled gun. (See Part 2)
尽管最大装甲厚度仅有25mm，但是装备了57mm6磅炮的M.1919型在当年而言也算是一个防护较好的坦克（足以防御12.7mm子弹）。这部皮实的坦克以卡车底盘为基础设计，重约13.5吨，由一台6缸120马力引擎驱动，履带状态下最大前进速度为7mph，轮式状态下则为14mph，也有一种说法称两种状态下的极速分别为11/21mph。它采用克里斯蒂的专利悬挂（注册于1921年），该悬挂的设计源于M.1919式8英寸自行火炮（详见第二部分）
The M. 1919 wasdetermined to be mechanically unreliable with the engine and transmissionbasically inaccessible and the tracks being ‘poorly designed’.
但经过测试，军方发现M.1919型引擎并不可靠，传动系统所处位置难于检修，履带设计也较为拙劣

M.1921 (我知道重名了)

Christie appears to have recycled a lot of the components from the M.1919 tomake this turretless tank. It had the same 120hp engine and same performancebut with the 57mm 6-pounder now mounted right in the noise of the vehicleflanked by two .30 calibre machine guns. Armour is variously given as ¼” to ¾”up to 1 inch. It was reported to have become stuck in a ditch during trials inJune of 1922. A contemporary account of the trials described a 2.24” gun andthat despite weighing 14 tons, a 9 ton version was available.
为了弄出这样一部无炮塔坦克，克里斯蒂似乎从M.1919型上扒拉了很多零件下来。M.1921型与1919型采用相同的120马力引擎，不过其57mm6磅炮被移至车鼻右侧，旁边还增设了2挺7.62mm机枪。装甲方面，不同资料给出的数据不同，从1/4或3/4英寸到1英寸不等。据称M.1921型在1922年进行的测试中表现一塌糊涂。测试档案中还提到了该车装备的2.24英寸（57mm）炮。该车全重14吨，也有另一个9吨的方案。

M.1927

Again, very, very little known other than this image. It is possible this isjust the lightened version of the M.1921 as it is noticeably shorter and withsimplified suspension.
除了上面这张图，有关这车的资料也是少之甚少。M.1927型也许只是M.1921型的轻量化版本，车身长度有所缩短，悬挂也得到了简化

M.1932 (即M.1928‘A’型，也被称作T3)

The M,1932 first appears in October of 1930 (Don’t make the error of assumingthe M.19xx relates directly to the actual date). This is one of the fastdesigns of Christie. This convertible tank could manage a very impressive42.5mph on tracks and 70mph on its wheels but given the look of the tracks onewonders how long they would last. The Official Ordnance data sheet gave it amuch more modest speed of 27.3 mph off road with a weight of 8.6 tons, or 10.5tons fully laden. With the Ordnance Liberty V12 338hp engine, later improved to387 hp, this was a well powered machine.In thisconfiguration it is shown fitted with two machine guns, one forward and one forAA use but also planned was a 37mm gun. Also mentioned are plans for the use ofa 4” mortar (not clear whether it means mounted frontally or as a mortarcarried for indirect fire use, and even a 75mm gun.M.1932型首次亮相于1930年10月（M.19XX型中的数字并不代表其出现的年份）。这是克里斯蒂坦克家族中的快速型号，可以在轮式和履带式两种形态间自由切换。履带状态下他能跑出惊人的42,5mph，轮式状态下更是达到了70mph。不过看过履带外形的人都会对它究竟能跑多远心存疑问。官方的数据看起来稍微合理一些：越野状态下极速27.3mph，空载车重8.6吨，满载时10.5吨。M.1932型上装备了自由V12型338马力引擎（马力后来增至387），功率利用率很高。上述配置下的M.1932型还装备了2挺机枪，一挺朝前，另一挺用于对空射击。计划中该车还可以装备37mm炮，4英寸（102mm）迫击炮（不清楚是否为正向安置用于非直瞄射击），甚至有75mm炮

The planned turreted version was not shown on this demonstrator and a very, suspiciouslysimilar, concept was later presented as the M.1932 now claiming a 750hpHispnao-Suiza engine (Also given as 1000hp – it probably looked good in a newreport). In 1932 it was claimed this vehicle could reach 120mph ‘if forced’which, given the tendency for this vehicle to shed tracks at high speed, wouldfall in the ‘terminal velocity’ category if true.
此图中并没有显示装备炮塔的型号。不过之后有一个疑似同型的设计，同样被叫做M.1932型，装备了一台750马力的西斯帕诺-苏莎引擎（新发现的一些资料显示其马力达到了1000，看起来可信度也还不错）。据称在1932年时，该坦克能够在“必要情况下”跑出120mph的极速。不过考虑到在高速行驶状态下履带容易脱落的问题，这个惊人的数据可能也只能停留在纸面上。
The armour numbers quoted also vary, generally giving 12mm or 0.5” as thethickness, with an outer and inner layer and the suspension sandwiched betweenthe layers.
不同资料对于该坦克的装甲数据也各执一词，厚度普遍在12mm-12.5mm之间，分为内外两层，悬挂系统则位于其间。

飞行坦克A型及B型

Other than theseimages, nothing is known about these vehicles and they may well be Russianconcepts based on Christie’s designs or a plan to convert one of the T-3vehicles received into a flying tank. Both Russia and Walter Christie dabbledin the flying tank idea.
有关这两型坦克存世的资料也只剩这两张照片。它们可能是克里斯蒂把T-3坦克变为飞行坦克的尝试，或者只是毛子利用克氏的理念搞的设计。毛子和瓦尔特克里斯蒂都涉足了飞行坦克领域。

M.1917A1 6吨型

Not exactly a Christie design, but instead a plan from 1930 by Captain GeorgeRary to modernize the existing 6 ton tanks with the Franklin 100hp engine(M1917A1 had an extended hull with this engine already but retaining the oldsuspension) but utilizing Christie suspension. The old 37mm gun and machine gunin the turret were to remain. Getting no further than the drawing board, andout of the chronology of the designs of Walter Christie, this would make a nicelittle premium tier 2 tank for any small Christie line of tanks WG might add.(I know secretly that CaptainNemo is a Renault FT-17 collector so he isdesperate for this one for his collection)[CN: I hereby point out that it isinfact Listy who collects all of the Renault FT-17s. His collection is farbigger than mine.]
M.1917A16吨型的克里斯蒂血统并不纯正，确切说来它是一个对现役6吨型坦克的现代化方案，1930年由乔治·雷上尉提出。该方案计划将引擎更换为富兰克林100马力引擎（M.1917A1型扩大了车体，换装了该型引擎，但是却保留了初始悬挂），同时换装了克里斯蒂悬挂，炮塔中的老式37mm炮和机枪也均得到保留。不过这个设计从未走下绘图板。如果不按出现的先后顺序排列克里斯蒂坦克在科技树上的位置，这部坦克可以作为克里斯蒂坦克线上的2级金币坦克。

M.1931 （也被称作T3或M.1940）
The names are confusing as Christie, rather in his own manner, described this1931 model as being '10 years ahead of its time’ – thus M.1940, which is notvery helpful.
因为克里斯蒂觉得自己的1931年型坦克领先当时的世界坦克水平10年，所以他个人爱把这玩意叫做M.1940型，造成了不少误会

The Libertyengine for this is given as 338hp, and as 343hp, capable of being uprated againgiving a credible 40mph on tracks on the road and 70mph on wheels and anaverage cross country speed of 21.1mph.When fitted with a 37mm gun and .30 calibre MG in turret it was known as theT-3 Combat Car, and when using the .50 calibre MG, just as the T-1 Combat Car.That 37mm gun is also referred to as a ‘one pound cannon’ and again Christieoffered a 4” mortar, a 75mm gun and ‘several machine guns’.
该型坦克装备的引擎为338马力，经过改进后可以提升至343马力，履带状态下的极速达到了40mph，轮式状态下则可以达到70mph。越野时的平均速度则可以达到21.1mph。T-3战斗车在炮塔中装备37mm炮一门和7.62mm机枪一挺，37mm炮也被称作1磅炮。如果将武器换成12.7mm机枪就变成了T-1战斗车。克里斯蒂同样为该型坦克准备了多种备选武器，包括4英寸迫击炮，75mm炮以及多种机枪。

Of the T1 Combat Cars (T-1CC) examples delivered, someor all were converted from chain driven final drives to gear driven andredesignated T1E1 Combat Cars. The T1E2CC is the T1E1CC now fitted with aCummins Diesel engine.
在交付的T1战斗车中，部分或全部的终传动都由链式改为齿轮式，代号也随之变为T1E1战斗车。而T1E2则是安装了康明斯柴油机的T1E1。
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The Tank Museum,Bovington, shows this vehicle as the one trialled in 1937 known as 'ChristieA13.E1' and obviously being an M.1931 albeit now with added mufflers. TheBritish trials show that the A13.E1 managed 64.3mph when going downhill.
保存在博文顿坦克博物馆中这张照片显示的是1937年接受测试的克里斯蒂A13E1型。显而易见，该坦克源于M.1931型，但在车体顶部加装了消音器。英国方面的测试显示A13E1在下坡时能够跑出64.3mph的速度.
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A further 5 examples of the T3 Medium tanks were ordered by the Infantry and were designated T3E2 below
步兵部队还订购了另外5辆T3中型坦克的样车，编为T3E2型.

M.1932战斗车

Also known as the M.1933 when fitted with cupolas over the crew positions andobviously derived from his earlier tank designs as evidenced by the retentionof the front and rear wheel mounts. Engine said to be a 250hp unit providing atop speed of 60mph.
在成员上方安装了指挥塔的M.1932也被称作M.1933型。从其保留的前后轮就可以很明显看出，该坦克源于克里斯蒂早期的设计思路。引擎据称达到了250马力，能够驱动M.1932跑出60mph的极速

M.1935A

Walter Christie was obsessed with speed and deployment of tanks by aircraft nomatter how impractical, undesired, or unnecessary it may have been. Thisversion plans on using a 300hp unit supercharged to 450hp capable of 60mph ontracks or 90mph on wheels (same proviso as above regarding the unlikeliness ofmanaging this speed). Again, flimsy armour for bullet protection only with thisdesign. It is very likely just a, yet another, rebuilt M.1933. Also seen with ashort weapon at the front said to plan for up to a 75mm gun mounted althoughthis is likely the ‘B’ model below.
瓦尔特·克里斯蒂对于速度有一种近乎偏执的迷恋，这也就能够解释为什么无论飞行坦克是多么不实用，多么不受军方待见，他仍然坚持开发这种类型的坦克。M.1935A型计划装备一台300马力的引擎，经涡轮增压后马力可提升至450，履带状态下其极速达到了60mph，轮式状态下则为90mph。不过和其他克里斯蒂坦克类似，M.1935A型的装甲也仅能够抵御子弹的攻击。现存的照片上可以发现在车体的前部有某种短管武器，据称M.1935A型计划搭载多种武器，口径最大的为75mm，不过这似乎是下面要讲到的B型的事了。